Public policy involves both political and social processes. This is because public policy is rooted in the problems of society and is a problem that citizens expect the government to take responsibility for solving. This clearly necessitates a political process, which involves interactions between the public, political parties, parliament, the judiciary, the bureaucracy, the executive, and local governments. What needs to be considered is the role or involvement of these individuals or organizations in the formulation of public policy, and how and to what extent the impact of public policy affects the lives of citizens in society.
Public policy is a product of the political system, and public policy impacts the lives of its citizens in some way. For example, what the government does or does not do affects the quality of life of its citizens, whether it improves or worsens it. Another thing that needs to be clearly understood is that public policy does not affect all citizens equally. On the other hand, some public policies may benefit some groups of people, while others may suffer losses, such as land expropriation policy. But in some cases, the majority of people will benefit widely. For example, the government’s public health policy aims to ensure that citizens receive equal and comprehensive public health services.
Public policy is therefore an important tool in government administration. This is expressed in the form of guidelines, activities, or actions that the government uses to deliver public services in various forms, such as education, public health, and social welfare. In addition, many public policies affect people’s lives, these include policies that focus on fair income distribution, security policies, transportation and communication policies, environmental policies, tourism promotion policies, national defense policies, and foreign policies, among others.